1

Editorial: The Benefits of Early Treatment in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Confounding by Indication, and the Issue of Timing

Robert B. M. Landewe

6

Editorial: Disposal of Dying Cells: A Balancing Act Between Infection and Autoimmunity

Udo S. Gaipl, Jurgen Brunner, Thomas D. Beyer, Reinhard E. Voll, Joachim R. Kalden, and Martin Herrmann

12

Review: Selective Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors, Aspirin, and Cardiovascular Disease: A Reappraisal

Colin Baigent and Carlo Patrono

21

Review: Radiographic Data From Recent Randomized Controlled Trials in Rheumatoid Arthritis: What Have We Learned?

Vibeke Strand and John T. Sharp

35

Adalimumab, a Fully Human Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor [alpha] Monoclonal Antibody, for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Patients Taking Concomitant Methotrexate: The ARMADA Trial

Michael E. Weinblatt, Edward C. Keystone, Daniel E. Furst, Larry W. Moreland, Michael H. Weisman, Charles A. Birbara, Leah A. Teoh, Steven A. Fischkoff, and Elliot K. Chartash

46

Influence of Disease-Modifying Therapy on Radiographic Outcome in Inflammatory Polyarthritis at Five Years: Results From a Large Observational Inception Study

M. A. S. Bukhari, N. J. Wiles, M. Lunt, B. J. Harrison, D. G. I. Scott, D. P. M. Symmons, and A. J. Silman

54

Survival in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Population-Based Analysis of Trends Over 40 Years

Sherine E. Gabriel, Cynthia S. Crowson, Hilal Maradit Kremers, Michele F. Doran, Carl Turesson, W. Michael O'Fallon, and Eric L. Matteson

59

Functional Disability in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Compared With a Community Population in Finland

Tuulikki Sokka, Eswar Krishnan, Arja Hakkinen, and Pekka Hannonen

64

Elucidation of the Relationship Between Synovitis and Bone Damage: A Randomized Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Individual Joints in Patients With Early Rheumatoid Arthritis

Philip G. Conaghan, Philip O'Connor, Dennis McGonagle, Paul Astin, Richard J. Wakefield, Wayne W. Gibbon, Mark Quinn, Zunaid Karim, Michael J. Green, Susanna Proudman, John Isaacs, and Paul Emery

72

Screening for Atherosclerosis in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Comparison of Two In Vivo Tests of Vascular Function

S. Van Doornum, G. McColl, A. Jenkins, D. J. Green, and I. P. Wicks

81

Reduced Arterial Elasticity in Rheumatoid Arthritis and the Relationship to Vascular Disease Risk Factors and Inflammation

Melinda Wong, Ling Toh, Andrew Wilson, Kevin Rowley, Connie Karschimkus, David Prior, Evange Romas, Laurence Clemens, George Dragicevic, Harry Harianto, Ian Wicks, Geoff McColl, James Best, and Alicia Jenkins

90

The Effect of HLA-DR on Susceptibility to Rheumatoid Arthritis Is Influenced by the Associated Lymphotoxin [alpha]-Tumor Necrosis Factor Haplotype

Julia Newton, Matthew A. Brown, Anita Milicic, Hans Ackerman, Chris Darke, Jonathan N. Wilson, B. Paul Wordsworth, and Dominic Kwiatkowski

97

Laser-Mediated Microdissection Facilitates Analysis of Area-Specific Gene Expression in Rheumatoid Synovium

M. Judex, E. Neumann, S. Lechner, W. Dietmaier, W. Ballhorn, J. Grifka, S. Gay, J. Scholmerich, F. Kullmann, and U. Muller-Ladner

103

Control of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocyte Proliferation by Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor

Derek Lacey, Annaleise Sampey, Robert Mitchell, Richard Bucala, Lanie Santos, Michelle Leech, and Eric Morand

110

Integrin-Mediated Adhesion of Human Articular Chondrocytes to Cartilage

Melissa S. Kurtis, Tannin A. Schmidt, William D. Bugbee, Richard F. Loeser, and Robert L. Sah

119

Induction of Aggrecanase 1 (ADAM-TS4) by Interleukin-1 Occurs Through Activation of Constitutively Produced Protein

Michael A. Pratta, Peggy A. Scherle, Gengjie Yang, Rui-Qin Liu, and Robert C. Newton

134

Induction of Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 Gene Expression Is Regulated by Inflammation-Responsive Transcription Factor SAF-1 in Osteoarthritis

Alpana Ray, Keiichi Kuroki, James L. Cook, B. Sonny Bal, Keith Kenter, Gabriela Aust, and Bimal K. Ray

146

Tachykinin Expression in Cartilage and Function in Human Articular Chondrocyte Mechanotransduction

S. J. Millward-Sadler, A. Mackenzie, M. O. Wright, H.-S. Lee, K. Elliot, L. Gerrard, C. E. Fiskerstrand, D. M. Salter, and J. P. Quinn

157

Jaccoud's Arthropathy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Differentiation of Deforming and Erosive Patterns by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Benedikt Ostendorf, Axel Scherer, Christof Specker, Ulrich Modder, and Matthias Schneider

166

High-Dose Cyclophosphamide Without Stem Cell Transplantation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Michelle Petri, Richard J. Jones, and Robert A. Brodsky

174

Increased Salivary Gland Tissue Expression of Fas, Fas Ligand, Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen 4, and Programmed Cell Death 1 in Primary Sjogren's Syndrome

Anne Isine Bolstad, Hans Geir Eiken, Benedikte Rosenlund, Marta E. Alarcon-Riquelme, and Roland Jonsson

186

Association of IL1A Gene Polymorphisms With Susceptibility to and Severity of Systemic Sclerosis in the Japanese Population

Yasushi Kawaguchi, Akiko Tochimoto, Naomi Ichikawa, Masayoshi Harigai, Masako Hara, Shigeru Kotake, Yutaka Kitamura, and Naoyuki Kamatani

193

Identification of an IL1A Gene Segment That Determines Aberrant Constitutive Expression of Interleukin-1[alpha] in Systemic Sclerosis

Yasushi Kawaguchi, Masako Hara, Naoyuki Kamatani, and Timothy M. Wright

203

A Comparison Between Anti-Th/To- and Anticentromere Antibody-Positive Systemic Sclerosis Patients With Limited Cutaneous Involvement

Ghaith M. Mitri, Mary Lucas, Noreen Fertig, Virginia D. Steen, and Thomas A. Medsger, Jr.

210

Human Scleroderma Sera Contain Autoantibodies to Protein Components Specific to the U3 Small Nucleolar RNP Complex

Jian-Ming Yang, Bernhard Hildebrandt, Christoph Luderschmidt, and K. Michael Pollard

218

Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Etanercept in Children With Polyarticular-Course Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis: Interim Results From an Ongoing Multicenter, Open-Label, Extended-Treatment Trial

Daniel J. Lovell, Edward H. Giannini, Andreas Reiff, Olcay Y. Jones, Rayfel Schneider, Judyann C. Olson, Leonard D. Stein, Abraham Gedalia, Norman T. Ilowite, Carol A. Wallace, Mary Lange, Barbara K. Finck, and Daniel J. Burge for the Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group

227

Arthropathy in Juvenile Hemochromatosis

George Vaiopoulos, George Papanikolaou, Marianna Politou, Iyad Jibreel, Nikos Sakellaropoulos, and Dimitris Loukopoulos

231

Rapid Induction of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor [gamma] Expression in Human Monocytes by Monosodium Urate Monohydrate Crystals

Tohru Akahoshi, Rie Namai, Yousuke Murakami, Megumi Watanabe, Toshimichi Matsui, Akito Nishimura, Hidero Kitasato, Toru Kameya, and Hirobumi Kondo

240

Adenosine A2A or A3 Receptors Are Required for Inhibition of Inflammation by Methotrexate and Its Analog MX-68

M. Carmen Montesinos, Avani Desai, Dave Delano, Jiang-Fan Chen, J. Stephen Fink, Marlene A. Jacobson, and Bruce N. Cronstein

248

Serum Amyloid P Component Binds to Late Apoptotic Cells and Mediates Their Uptake by Monocyte-Derived Macrophages

Marc Bijl, Gerda Horst, Johan Bijzet, Hendrika Bootsma, Pieter C. Limburg, and Cees G. M. Kallenberg

255

Coordinate Expression of Activating Fc[gamma] Receptors I and III and Inhibiting Fc[gamma] Receptor Type II in the Determination of Joint Inflammation and Cartilage Destruction During Immune Complex-Mediated Arthritis

K. C. A. M. Nabbe, A. B. Blom, A. E. M. Holthuysen, P. Boross, J. Roth, S. Verbeek, P. L. E. M. van Lent, and W. B. van den Berg

266

Concomitant Disappearance of Electrocardiographic Abnormalities and of Acquired Maternal Autoantibodies During the First Year of Life in Infants Who Had QT Interval Prolongation and Anti-SSA/Ro Positivity Without Congenital Heart Block at Birth

Rolando Cimaz, Pier Luigi Meroni, Antonio Brucato, Vlasta Fesstova, Paola Panzeri, Karine Goulene, and Marco Stramba-Badiale

268

Hepatitis C-Associated Osteosclerosis

Shigeyuki Wakitani, Takako Hattori, Hiroyuki Nakaya, Young Mi Chae, Norikazu Murata, and Akira Tanigami

269

Paraplegia in a Patient Receiving Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Comment on the Article by Mohan et al

C. J. van der Laken, W. F. Lems, R. M. van Soesbergen, J. J. van der Sande, and B. A. C. Dijkmans

270

Unproven Hypothesis That Leflunomide Is Better Than Methotrexate as Measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Comment on the Article by Reece et al

Sebastian Schnarr, Jan L. Hulsemann, and Henning K. Zeidler

271

Reply

Paul Emery, Richard J. Reece, Maarten C. Kraan, P. J. O'Connor, Aleksandra Radjenovic, Douglas J. Veale, John P. Ridgway, W. W. Gibbon, Ferdinand C. Breedveld, and Paul P. Tak

272

Modified Disease Activity Score Versus Radiologic Progression as an Indicator of Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Status: Comment on the Article by Landewe et al

Anne McEntegart and Rajan Madhok

272

Reply

Robert Landewe, Maarten Boers, and Desiree van der Heijde

273

TNFR2 Position 196 Polymorphism in Japanese Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Comment on the Article by Dieude et al

Chieko Kyogoku, Naoyuki Tsuchiya, Tsukasa Shibue, Katsushi Tokunaga, and Kunio Matsuta

274

Study of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1[alpha] in Synovial Fluid in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis: Comment on the Article by Kanbe et al

Gayatri Mittal and V. R. Joshi

275

Reply

Katsuaki Kanbe, Kenji Takagishi, and Qian Chen

276

Fibromyalgia Is Not a Diagnosis: Comment on the Editorial by Crofford and Clauw

George E. Ehrlich

277

Reply

Leslie J. Crofford and Daniel J. Clauw

277

Pyridostigmine for Fibromyalgia: Comment on the Article by Paiva and a Historical Vignette

Daniel J. Wallace

278

Production of the Chemokine RANTES by Articular Chondrocytes and Its Role in Cartilage Degradation: Comment on the Article by Alaaeddine et al

Rosa Maria Borzi, Lia Pulsatelli, and Riccardo Meliconi

278

Willow Bark Extract, a Useful Alternative for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis: comment on the editorial by Marcus and Suarez-Almazor

Sigrun Chrubasik, Stefan Pollak, and Andrew Black

280

Reply

Donald M. Marcus and Maria Suarez-Almazor

280

Prevention of Recurrence of Congenital Heart Block With Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Corticosteroid Therapy: Comment on the Editorial by Buyon et al

Risto Kaaja and Heikki Julkunen

281

Reply

Jill P. Buyon, Mimi Y. Kim, Joshua A. Copel, and Deborah M. Friedman

282

Use of Sildenafil Citrate in Raynaud's Phenomenon: Comment on the Article by Thompson et al

Jack R. Lichtenstein

283

Reply

Janet Pope, Andrew E. Thompson, Beverley Shea, Vivian Robin, and Deborah Fenlon

283

A Further Note on Testing for a Birth Order Effect in Ankylosing Spondylitis

William H. James

284

Reply

Irene E. van der Horst-Bruinsma, P. Dick Bezemer, and Ben A. C. Dijkmans

284

Erratum

Incorrect Spelling of Author Name in Article by Delgado Alves et al (Arthritis Rheum, October 2002)

25A

Cover image: The figure on the cover (from Judex et al, page 98) illustrates a section of rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue that has been stained with hematoxylin and eosin and demarcated by a laser beam. The cells in this section can be harvested for RNA analysis by polymerase chain reaction. This technique allows patterns of gene expression to be characterized in histologically defined regions of synovium.