851

Editorial: Urgent Care and Tight Control of Rheumatoid Arthritis as in Diabetes and Hypertension: Better Treatments but a Shortage of Rheumatologists

Theodore Pincus, Allan Gibofsky, and Michael E. Weinblatt

855

Editorial: Plasticity of Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Enough to Induce Tolerance and Repair Tissue?

Richard K. Burt, Ann E. Traynor, Yu Oyama, and Walter G. Barr

859

Editorial: DNA Microarrays: Boundless Technology or Bound by Technology? Guidelines for Studies Using Microarray Technology

Gary S. Firestein and David S. Pisetsky

862

Review: Accelerated Atherosclerosis: An Extraarticular Feature of Rheumatoid Arthritis?

S. Van Doornum, G. McColl, and I. P. Wicks

874

Review: Gene Expression Profiles: Creating New Perspectives in Arthritis Research

Ethan P. Grant, Michael D. Pickard, Michael J. Briskin, and Jose-Carlos Gutierrez-Ramos

885

Review: Proteomics Technologies for the Study of Autoimmune Disease

William H. Robinson, Lawrence Steinman, and Paul J. Utz

894

Delay to Institution of Therapy and Induction of Remission Using Single-Drug or Combination-Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug Therapy in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis

Timo Mottonen, Pekka Hannonen, Markku Korpela, Martti Nissila, Hannu Kautiainen, Jorma Ilonen, Leena Laasonen, Oili Kaipiainen-Seppanen, Per Franzen, Tapani Helve, Juhani Koski, Marianne Gripenberg-Gahmberg, Riitta Myllykangas-Luosujarvi, and Marjatta Leirisalo-Repo, for the FIN-RACo Trial Group

899

Early and Aggressive Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Affects the Association of HLA Class II Antigens With Progression of Joint Damage

L. R. Lard, M. Boers, A. Verhoeven, K. Vos, H. Visser, J. M. W. Hazes, A. H. Zwinderman, G. M. T. Schreuder, F. C. Breedveld, R. R. P. de Vries, S. van der Linden, E. Zanelli, and T. W. J. Huizinga

906

Rheumatoid Factor Is the Major Predictor of Increasing Severity of Radiographic Erosions in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results From the Norfolk Arthritis Register Study, a Large Inception Cohort

M. Bukhari, M. Lunt, B. J. Harrison, D. G. I. Scott, D. P. M. Symmons, and A. J. Silman

913

Determination of the Minimal Clinically Important Difference in Rheumatoid Arthritis Joint Damage of the Sharp/van der Heijde and Larsen/Scott Scoring Methods by Clinical Experts and Comparison With the Smallest Detectable Difference

Karin Bruynesteyn, Desire van der Heijde, Maarten Boers, Ariane Saudan, Paul Peloso, Harold Paulus, Harry Houben, Bridget Griffiths, John Edmonds, Barry Bresnihan, Annelies Boonen, and Sjef van der Linden

921

Reshaping the Shared Epitope Hypothesis: HLA-Associated Risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis Is Encoded by Amino Acid Substitutions at Positions 67-74 of the HLA-DRB1 Molecule

Niek de Vries, Henk Tijssen, Piet L. C. M. van Riel, and Leo B. A. van de Putte

929

Interaction Between Heat-Shock Protein 73 and HLA-DRB1 Alleles Associated or Not With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Isabelle Auger, Lydia Lepecuchel, and Jean Roudier

934

Local Production of Complement Proteins in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovium

Elena Neumann, Scott R. Barnum, Ingo H. Tarner, Josh Echols, Martin Fleck, Martin Judex, Frank Kullmann, John D. Mountz, Jrgen Schlmerich, Steffen Gay, and Ulf Mller-Ladner

946

Genome Scan for Quantity of Hand Osteoarthritis: The Framingham Study

S. Demissie, L. A. Cupples, R. Myers, P. Aliabadi, D. Levy, and D. T. Felson

953

Acidic Cysteine Endoproteinase Cathepsin K in the Degeneration of the Superficial Articular Hyaline Cartilage in Osteoarthritis

Yrj T. Konttinen, Jami Mandelin, Tian-Fang Li, Jari Salo, Jan Lassus, Mikko Liljestrm, Mika Hukkanen, Michiaki Takagi, Ismo Virtanen, and Seppo Santavirta

961

The Modulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase and ADAM Gene Expression in Human Chondrocytes by Interleukin-1 and Oncostatin M: A Time-Course Study Using Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction

P. J. T. Koshy, C. J. Lundy, A. D. Rowan, S. Porter, D. R. Edwards, A. Hogan, I. M. Clark, and T. E. Cawston

968

Influence of Hypoxia and Reoxygenation on Cytokine-Induced Production of Proinflammatory Mediators in Articular Cartilage

Julie Cernanec, Farshid Guilak, J. Brice Weinberg, David S. Pisetsky, and Beverley Fermor

976

Specific Enzymatic Treatment of Bovine and Human Articular Cartilage: Implications for Integrative Cartilage Repair

P. K. Bos, J. DeGroot, M. Budde, J. A. N. Verhaar, and G. J. V. M. van Osch

986

The Influence of Patient Characteristics, Disease Variables, and HLA Alleles on the Development of Radiographically Evident Sacroiliitis in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Berit Flatø, Anna Smerdel, Virginia Johnston, Gunhild Lien, Knut Dale, Odd Vinje, Thore Egeland, Dag Sørskaar, and Øystein Førre

995

Renal Flares Are Common in Patients With Severe Proliferative Lupus Nephritis Treated With Pulse Immunosuppressive Therapy: Long-Term Followup of a Cohort of 145 Patients Participating in Randomized Controlled Studies

G. G. Illei, K. Takada, D. Parkin, H. A. Austin, M. Crane, C. H. Yarboro, E. M. Vaughan, T. Kuroiwa, C. L. Danning, J. Pando, A. D. Steinberg, M. F. Gourley, J. H. Klippel, J. E. Balow, and D. T. Boumpas

1003

Outcome and Prognostic Indicators of Diffuse Proliferative Lupus Glomerulonephritis Treated With Sequential Oral Cyclophosphamide and Azathioprine

Chi Chiu Mok, Carmen Tze Kwan Ho, Kwok Wah Chan, Chak Sing Lau, and Raymond Woon Sing Wong

1014

Long-Term Followup of Patients Treated With Total Lymphoid Irradiation for Lupus Nephritis

Mark C. Genovese, Zuzana Uhrin, Daniel A. Bloch, John Oehlert, Richard K. Sibley, Bryan Myers, and Samuel Strober

1019

Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Clinical and Immunologic Manifestations and Patterns of Disease Expression in a Cohort of 1,000 Patients

Ricard Cervera, Jean-Charles Piette, Josep Font, Munther A. Khamashta, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Maria Teresa Camps, Soren Jacobsen, Gabriella Lakos, Angela Tincani, Irene Kontopoulou-Griva, Mauro Galeazzi, Pier Luigi Meroni, Ronald H. W. M. Derksen, Philip G. de Groot, Erika Gromnica-Ihle, Marta Baleva, Marta Mosca, Stefano Bombardieri, Frédéric Houssiau, Jean-Christophe Gris, Isabelle Quéré, Eric Hachulla, Carlos Vasconcelos, Beate Roch, Antonio Fernández-Nebro, Marie-Claire Boffa, Graham R. V. Hughes, and Miguel Ingelmo, for the Euro-Phospholipid Project Group

1028

Defective Fc-Dependent Processing of Immune Complexes in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Kevin A. Davies, Michael G. Robson, A. Michael Peters, Peter Norsworthy, Julian T. Nash, and Mark J. Walport

1039

Presence of Microchimerism in Labial Salivary Glands in Systemic Sclerosis but Not in Sjogren's Syndrome

Slim Aractingi, Jean Sibilia, Vronique Meignin, David Launay, Eric Hachulla, Caroline Le Danff, Anne Janin, and Xavier Mariette

1044

Interleukin-1[alpha] Expression in Capillaries and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Expression in Type II Muscle Fibers From Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis Patients: Important Pathogenic Features Independent of Inflammatory Cell Clusters in Muscle Tissue

Pernilla Englund, Inger Nennesmo, Lars Klareskog, and Ingrid E. Lundberg

1056

Temporal Arteritis and Chlamydia pneumoniae: Failure to Detect the Organism by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Ninety Cases and Ninety Controls

Michael J. Regan, Billie Jo Wood, Yu-Hsiang Hsieh, Mellisa L. Theodore, Thomas C. Quinn, David B. Hellmann, W. Richard Green, Charlotte A. Gaydos, and John H. Stone

1061

A Novel Mutation in the Third Extracellular Domain of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 in a Finnish Family With Autosomal-Dominant Recurrent Fever

Hanna Nevala, Leena Karenko, Susanna Stjernberg, Maria Raatikainen, Hanna Suomalainen, Anssi Lagerstedt, Jenita Rauta, Michael F. McDermott, Part Peterson, Tom Pettersson, and Annamari Ranki

1067

Arthritis in MRL/lpr Mice Is Under the Control of Multiple Gene Loci With an Allelic Combination Derived From the Original Inbred Strains

Junji Kamogawa, Miho Terada, Shinichi Mizuki, Miyuki Nishihara, Haruyasu Yamamoto, Shiro Mori, Yoriko Abe, Koji Morimoto, Syuichi Nakatsuru, Yusuke Nakamura, and Masato Nose

1075

Evaluation of Quantitative Trait Loci Regulating Severity of Mycobacterial Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis in Monocongenic and Polycongenic Rats: Identification of a New Regulatory Locus on Rat Chromosome 10 and Evidence of Overlap With Rheumatoid Arthritis Susceptibility Loci

Bina Joe, Grant W. Cannon, Marie M. Griffiths, David E. Dobbins, Percio S. Gulko, Ronald L. Wilder, and Elaine F. Remmers

1086

Immunogenicity of Recombinant Type IX Collagen in Murine Collagen-Induced Arthritis

L. K. Myers, T. Pihlajamaa, D. D. Brand, M. A. Cremer, M. Bodo, L. Ala-Kokko, and A. H. Kang

1094

Expression of Osteopontin at Sites of Bone Erosion in a Murine Experimental Arthritis Model of Collagen-Induced Arthritis: Possible Involvement of Osteopontin in Bone Destruction in Arthritis

Shiro Ohshima, Hideyuki Kobayashi, Norihiko Yamaguchi, Katsuhiro Nishioka, Mitsuko Umeshita-Sasai, Toru Mima, Shintaro Nomura, Shigeyuki Kon, Manabu Inobe, Toshimitsu Uede, and Yukihiko Saeki

1102

Gene Transfer of a Fibronectin Peptide Inhibits Leukocyte Recruitment and Suppresses Inflammation in Mouse Collagen-Induced Arthritis

Tomoyuki Imagawa, Shohei Watanabe, Shigeki Katakura, Gregory P. Boivin,and Raphael Hirsch

1109

Suppression of Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Single Administration of Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles Entrapping Type II Collagen: A Novel Treatment Strategy for Induction of Oral Tolerance

Wan-Uk Kim, Woo-Kyoung Lee, Jae-Woong Ryoo, Seung-Hoon Kim, Jin Kim, Jeehee Youn, So-Youn Min, Eui-Young Bae, Sue-Yun Hwang, Sung-Hwan Park, Chul-Soo Cho, Jong-Sang Park, and Ho-Youn Kim

1121

Decrease in Synovial Cellularity and Cytokine Expression After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Danielle M. C. Brinkman, Rebecca ten Cate, Jaak M. Vossen, Tom J. M. Smeets, Maarten C. Kraan, and Paul P. Tak

1123

Evidence of Transplacental Passage of Hydroxychloroquine in Humans

Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau, Zahir Amoura, Guy Aymard, Du Le Thi Hong, Bertrand Wechsler, Daniele Vauthier, Marie Elisabeth Dermer, Yves Darbois, and Jean-Charles Piette

1125

The R-H Polymorphism of Fc[gamma] Receptor IIa as a Risk Factor for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Is Independent of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Interleukin-10 Gene Promoter

Hilde M. Dijstelbloem, Bouke G. Hepkema, Cees G. M. Kallenberg, Michiel W. van der Linden, Vivian Keijsers, Tom W. J. Huizinga, Marc D. Jansen, and Jan G. J. van de Winkel

1126

Thromboembolic Events After Fetal Loss in Patients With Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Comment on the Article by Erkan et al

Angela Tincani, Marco Taglietti, Chiara Biasini, Micol Frassi, Roberto Gorla, Genesio Balestrieri

1127

Reply

Doruk Erkan, Joan T. Merrill, Yusuf Yazici, Lisa Sammaritano, Jill P. Buyon, Michael D. Lockshin

1127

Pro-Myeloperoxidase, A Target Antigen for Antineutrophil Cytoplasm Autoantibodies: Comment on the Article by Russell et al

Dominique Reumaux, Patrick Duthilleul, William M. Nauseef, Dirk Roos

1129

Somatization and Development of Chronic Widespread Pain: Comment on the Article by McBeth et al and the Editorial by Winfield

Richard Kwiatek

1130

Reply

John McBeth, Gary J. Macfarlane, Alan J. Silman

1130

Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing for Tropheryma whippelii in Unexplained Isolated Cases of Arthritis

Xavier Puechal, Thierry Schaeverbeke, Jean Sibilia, Alain Saraux, and Jean-Dominique Poveda, Reseau Rhumato Study Group

21A

Cover image: The figure on the cover illustrates the type of data generated by two new molecular approaches described in this issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism. The left panel (from Grant et al, page 877) depicts a microarray assessing gene expression in the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and control subjects. The right panel (from Robinson et al, page 889) depicts an analysis, using a proteomics display, of autoantibodies binding to systemic lupus erythematosus autoantigens.