1231

Editorial: Radiographic Joint Damage in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Community-Based Perspective

E. William St.Clair

1234

Editorial: Premature Mortality in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Evolving Concepts

Theodore Pincus, Tuulikki Sokka, and Frederick Wolfe

1237

Review: Osteoarthritis, an Inflammatory Disease: Potential Implication for the Selection of New Therapeutic Targets

Jean-Pierre Pelletier, Johanne Martel-Pelletier, and Steven B. Abramson

1248

Time to First Occurrence of Erosions in Inflammatory Polyarthritis: Results From a Prospective Community-Based Study

M. Bukhari, B. Harrison, M. Lunt, D. G. I. Scott, D. P. M. Symmons, and A. J. Silman

1254

Change in Bone Mineral Density in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis During the First Decade of the Disease

Eric-Jan J. A. Kroot, Mieke G. Nieuwenhuizen, Maarten C. de Waal Malefijt, Piet L. C. M. van Riel, Pieternel C. M. Pasker-de Jong, and Roland F. J. M. Laan

1261

Primary Association of a MICA Allele With Protection Against Rheumatoid Arthritis

Alfonso Martinez, Miguel Fernandez-Arquero, Alejandro Balsa, Ana Rubio, Helena Alves, Dora Pascual-Salcedo, Emilio Martin-Mola, and Emilio G. de la Concha

1266

A Novel Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism at the 5`-Flanking Region of SAA1 Associated With Risk of Type AA Amyloidosis Secondary to Rheumatoid Arthritis

Masato Moriguchi, Chihiro Terai, Hirotaka Kaneko, Yumi Koseki, Hiroshi Kajiyama, Masashi Uesato, Shinichi Inada, and Naoyuki Kamatani

1273

Regulation of Synoviocyte Phospholipase A2 and Cyclooxygenase 2 by Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor

Annaleise V. Sampey, Pamela H. Hall, Robert A. Mitchell, Christine N. Metz, and Eric F. Morand

1281

Specific Overexpression of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated HLA-DR Alleles and Presentation of Low-Affinity Peptides

Sophie Kerlan-Candon, Pascale Louis-Plence, Agnes Wiedemann, Bernard Combe, Jacques Clot, Jean-Franois Eliaou, and Valrie Pinet

1293

The Combination of Tumor Necrosis Factor [alpha] Blockade With Interleukin-1 and Interleukin-17 Blockade Is More Effective for Controlling Synovial Inflammation and Bone Resorption in an Ex Vivo Model

Martine Chabaud and Pierre Miossec

1304

Apoptotic Cell Death Is Not a Widespread Phenomenon in Normal Aging and Osteoarthritic Human Articular Knee Cartilage: A Study of Proliferation, Programmed Cell Death (Apoptosis), and Viability of Chondrocytes in Normal and Osteoarthritic Human Knee Cartilage

T. Aigner, M. Hemmel, D. Neureiter, P. M. Gebhard, G. Zeiler, T. Kirchner, and L. McKenna

1313

Elevated Serum B Lymphocyte Stimulator Levels in Patients With Systemic Immune-Based Rheumatic Diseases

Gurtej S. Cheema, Viktor Roschke, David M. Hilbert, and William Stohl

1320

Plasma Levels of Nucleosomes and Nucleosome-Autoantibody Complexes in Murine Lupus: Effects of Disease Progression and Lipopolysaccharide Administration

Rudi Licht, Mieke C. J. van Bruggen, Birgitte Oppers-Walgreen, Truus P. M. Rijke, and Jo H. M. Berden

1331

Molecular Heterogeneity of Prolactin in the Plasma of Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Javier Cruz, Antonio Avina-Zubieta, Gonzalo Martinez de la Escalera, Carmen Clapp, and Carlos Lavalle

1336

T Cell Signaling Abnormalities in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Are Associated With Increased Mutations/Polymorphisms and Splice Variants of T Cell Receptor [zeta]  Chain Messenger RNA

Madhusoodana P. Nambiar, Edith J. Enyedy, Vishal G. Warke, Sandeep Krishnan, Gregory Dennis, Henry K. Wong, Gary M. Kammer, and George C. Tsokos

1351

A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Methotrexate Versus Placebo in Early Diffuse Scleroderma

Janet E. Pope, Nicholas Bellamy, James R. Seibold, Murray Baron, Michael Ellman, Simon Carette, C. Douglas Smith, Ian M. Chalmers, Paul Hong, David O'Hanlon, Elzbieta Kaminska, Janet Markland, John Sibley, Luis Catoggio, and Daniel E. Furst

1359

Familial Occurrence Frequencies and Relative Risks for Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma) in Three United States Cohorts

Frank C. Arnett, Mimi Cho, Soumya Chatterjee, Martha B. Aguilar, John D. Reveille, and Maureen D. Mayes

1363

Clinical Significance of Surfactant Protein D as a Serum Marker for Evaluating Pulmonary Fibrosis in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis

Yoshihide Asano, Hironobu Ihn, Kenichi Yamane, Norihito Yazawa, Masahide Kubo, Manabu Fujimoto, and Kunihiko Tamaki

1370

Depletion of Protein Kinase C[epsilon] in Normal and Scleroderma Lung Fibroblasts Has Opposite Effects on Tenascin Expression

Elena Tourkina, Stanley Hoffman, John W. Fenton II, Stuart Lipsitz, Richard M. Silver, and Anna Ludwicka-Bradley

1382

Chemokine Expression by Systemic Sclerosis Fibroblasts: Abnormal Regulation of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 Expression

Maria Galindo, Begona Santiago, Miguel Rivero, Joaquin Rullas, Jose Alcami, and Jose Luis Pablos

1387

Small-Vessel Vasculitis Surrounding a Spared Temporal Artery: Clinical and Pathologic Findings in a Series of Twenty-Eight Patients

Maria-Jos Esteban, Carme Font, Jos Hernndez-Rodriguez, Josep Valls-Sol, Raimon Sanmarti, Francesc Cardellach, Ana Garcia-Martinez, Elias Campo, A. Urbano-Mrquez, Josep M. Grau, and Maria C. Cid

1396

Is Disease Severity in Ankylosing Spondylitis Genetically Determined?

J. Hamersma, L. R. Cardon, L. Bradbury, S. Brophy, I. van der Horst-Bruinsma, A. Calin, and M. A. Brown

1401

Host Metalloproteinases in Lyme Arthritis

Linden T. Hu, Manuel A. Eskildsen, Catherine Masgala, Allen C. Steere, Elizabeth C. Arner, Michael A. Pratta, Alan J. Grodzinsky, Andrew Loening, and George Perides

1411

Etanercept Therapy in Children With Treatment-Resistant Uveitis

Andreas Reiff, Syuji Takei, Said Sadeghi, Ann Stout, Bracha Shaham, Bram Bernstein, Kerry Gallagher, and Timothy Stout

1416

The Musculoskeletal Manifestations of Familial Mediterranean Fever in Children Genetically Diagnosed With the Disease

Riva Brik, Marwan Shinawi, Leah Kasinetz, and Ruth Gershoni-Baruch

1420

Exacerbation of Antigen-Induced Arthritis in Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase-Deficient Mice

Andreas Veihelmann, Juergen Landes, Andreas Hofbauer, Martina Dorger, Hans Juergen Refior, Konrad Messmer, and Fritz Krombach

1428

E-Selectin, but Not P-Selectin, Is Required for Development of Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis in the Rat

Andrew C. Issekutz, Jian Ying Mu, Gao Liu, Jennifer Melrose, and Ellen L. Berg

1438

Germinal Center Reaction in the Joints of Mice With Collagen-Induced Arthritis: An Animal Model of Lymphocyte Activation and Differentiation in Arthritic Joints

Shuhua Han, Shutong Cao, Roy Bheekha-Escura, and Biao Zheng

1444

Paradoxical Effects of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 1 Gene Transfer in Collagen-Induced Arthritis

Florence Apparailly, Daniele Noel, Virginie Millet, Andrew H. Baker, Gina Lisignoli, Chantal Jacquet, Marie-Joelle Kaiser, Jacques Sany, and Christian Jorgensen

1455

Matrix Metalloproteinases and Aggrecanases Cleave Aggrecan in Different Zones of Normal Cartilage but Colocalize in the Development of Osteoarthritic Lesions in STR/ort Mice

Mark G. Chambers, Lucy Cox, Lisa Chong, Nida Suri, Patricia Cover, Michael T. Bayliss, and Roger M. Mason

1466

High Thrombosis Rate After Fetal Loss in Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Effective Prophylaxis With Aspirin

Doruk Erkan, Joan T. Merrill, Yusuf Yazici, Lisa Sammaritano, Jill P. Buyon, and Michael D. Lockshin

1467

Recent Improvements in Survival in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Better Outcomes or Different Study Designs?

Michael M. Ward

1470

Treatment of Intraarticular Osteoarthritis of the Knee with Hylan G-F 20: Comment on the Article by Brandt et al

Dennis Parenti and Christopher W. Murray

1471

Efficacy of Intraarticular Hyaluronan in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: Comment on the Article by Brandt et al

Roland W. Moskowitz and Roy D. Altman

1473

Reply

Kenneth D. Brandt, Gerald N. Smith, Jr., and Lee S. Simon

1476

Ankylosing Spondylitis, Birth Order, and Hormones: Comment on the Article by Baudoin et al

William H. James

1476

Reply

Irene E. van der Horst-Bruinsma and Ben A. C. Dijkmans

10A

ACR Announcements

Cover image: The figure on the cover (from Aigner et al, page 1307) depicts color laser confocal microscopy for staining of cellular proteins and nuclear DNA in chondrocytes. This technique allows assessment of chondrocyte apoptosis, a process hypothesized to be important in osteoarthritis. The two cells shown differ dramatically in content of proteins and DNA.