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C protein, MHC class II genes, anti-U1 snRNP antibody and, 396
C region genes, in RA, T cell receptors and, 577
Cachexia, rheumatoid, vitamin B6 in, 105
Calcaneus
bone density in hip OA and, 907
radiographic changes in, in adjuvant arthritis in rats, 129
Calcinosis, diltiazem in, 1640
Calcitonin, gene-related peptide, substance P and, in adjuvant arthritis, 699
Calcium
diltiazem in calcinosis and, 1640
factors affecting bone mass and, 61
IgG receptors in autoimmune disease and, 306
steroids, hormone replacement and, in postmenopausal RA bone metabolism, 902
Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition (CPPD) disease, synovitis in experimental rabbit OA and, 201
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals
pseudoseptic inflammatory knee effusion in sickle cell disease and, 284
synovitis, protein clearance and, in canine knee, 1085
Calcium pyrophosphate microcrystalline synovitis, in experimental rabbit OA, 201
Calf serum, fetal, to study RF-secreting B cells in RA, 1771
CAMPATH-1H
in RA, 1187, 1242, 1589
synovial tissue and, 254
Cancer
cyclophosphamide in RA and, 1120
mortality in SLE and, 1492
Canes, in medical management of knee OA, 1541
Canine studies
OA, 525, 1290
synovitis and protein clearance in knee, 1085
Capillaritis, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody pulmonary, with circulating primed neutrophils and, 1855
Capillary loops, complement C4 deficiency in glomerulonephritis and, 1333
Capsaicin cream, in medical management of OA, 1541
Carbohydrates, in RA immune complexes, 744
Carboxy-terminus sequence, in detection of stromelysin-cleaved rabbit aggrecan, 1400
Cardiolipin
in bone marrow transplantation in antiphospholipid syndrome, 115
cross-reactivity of anticardiolipin autoantibodies with oxidized low-density lipoprotein and, 1382
solid-phase, 1382
Cardiomyopathy, corticosteroids, pulse cyclophosphamide, plasma exchange and, in polyarteritis nodosa and Churg-Strauss syndrome, 1638
Cardiopulmonary disease, cognitive deficits in rheumatic diseases and, 1363
Cardiovascular disesase, mortality in SLE and, 1492
Cardiovascular fitness, in end-stage OA, 799
Carpal tunnel release, measuring relevant change in clinical trials in, 1027
Carpal tunnel syndrome, due to T cell lymphomas, 1707
Carpus, MRI, PET and, in RA, 819
Carrageenan-induced inflammation, antiinflammatory mechanism of adenosine regulators and, 1040
Cartilage
articular, 173, 420, 525, 655, 660, 917, 953, 1085, 1678, 1694
degradation, 164, 655, 660, 917, 1085, 1304, 1328, 1400, 1535, 1541
diseases of, 660, 999
erosions, 1290
femoropatellar groove, 1678
insulin-like growth factor 1 and, 413
joint destruction in HIV infection and, 1328
lesions, 1290
matrix protein, in relapsing polychondritis, 294
metabolism, 164, 655, 1085
monoclonal antibodies in detection of biochemical markers of arthritis, 655
in OA, 78, 201, 413, 525, 660, 976, 1290
proteoglycan synthesis and, 525
proteoglycans, 164, 953, 1400
in RA, 151, 678, 976, 1031, 1328
remodeling, 655
repair, 655, 660, 1085
rheumatoid synovial fibroblast adhesion in, 1694
stromelysin and, 173, 1400, 1678
synovial, 201
tibiofemoral, directed knee examination, cartilage abnormalities and, 917
turnover, 294
Cartilage-pannus junction, EDA-containing fibronectin in RA synovium and, 678
Caseation, in tuberculous and foreign-body granulomatous reactions in a total knee prosthesis, 1325
Caseous necrosis, in mycobacterial arthritis, in loosening of revision total hip replacement in RA, 1315
Catabolism in RA
cartilage aggrecan, metalloproteinases and, 1031
thiopurine and, in azathioprine toxicity, 142
Catalase, TGFβ1 in hyaluronan synthesis in synovial lining cells and, 669
Cathepsin D, cathepsin, in RA and OA, 976
Caudate nucleus, cerebral blood flow, pain and, in fibromyalgia, 926
CB10 fragment of type II collagen, Yersinia enterocolitica binding of adhesin YadA to, 1283
CD-1 Swiss mice, enteroviral RNA, bacterial DNA and, in juvenile DM, 1513
CD3
CD28 cells and, 649
cells, 499, 1346
in RA, 649, 1346
CD4
cells, 384, 458, 577, 599, 649, 1097, 1177, 1242, 1252, 1277, 1457, 1547, 1581, 1589, 1701, 1722
hematology of Felty's syndrome and large granular lymphocytes and, 1252
lymphopenia, 1252
monoclonal antibody, 1097
in RA, 384, 577, 649, 1097, 1177, 1242, 1457
CD8
cells, 458, 499, 506, 577, 649, 1589
in pathogenesis of spondylarthropathies, 1547
CD14
cells, 384, 499
nuclear factor-κB in rheumatoid synovium and, 1762
CD15 fibroblast-like cells, in RA synovial membrane, 1346
CD28 cells, in RA, 649
CD32 (Fcγ receptor IIa), in renal disease in SLE, 1832
CD45RA cells, in sacroiliitis in AS, 499
CD45RO
cells, in sacroiliitis in AS, 499
phenotype, T cell receptors in RA and, 1242
CD68 fibroblast-like cells, in RA synovial membrane, 1346
CD80, in RA, 649, 1863
CDR3 region, T cell receptors in RA and, 577
Cell counting, chondrocytes in aging and development and, 960
Cell cultures, in RA, 492, 577
Cell fractions, RF-secreting B cells in RA and, 1771
Cell lines, autoantibodies in SSc in twins and, 1845
Cell membrane, NSAID, gastrointestinal tract and, 5
Cell nucleus, cytokines, early response genes and, 877
Cell replication, chondrocytes in aging and development and, 960
Cell sorting
analysis, 1242, 1304
fluorescence-activated, antigen-based heteropolymers and, 190
Cell surface, cytokines, early response genes and, 877
Cell type, in RA synovial membrane, 1346
Cell wall-induced arthritis, experimental bacterial, autoimmune disease induction by microbial pathogens and, 458
Cellular degeneration, HTLV-1 in PM and, 690
Cellular DNA synthesis, RF-secreting B cells in RA and, 1771
Cellular infiltrates
antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in mice and, 1375
in RA, 254, 1457
in sacroiliitis in AS, 499
T cell receptor Vβ gene in murine Sjogren's syndrome and, 1077
Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, in Spanish outcome measures, 1429
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
parvovirus B19 infection and chronic fatigue syndrome, 638
rheumatology and, 451
Central nervous system
cognitive deficits in rheumatic diseases and, 1363
corticosteroids, pulse cyclophosphamide, plasma exchange and, in polyarteritis nodosa and Churg-Strauss syndrome, 1638
Cerebral blood flow, pain in fibromyalgia and, 926
Cerebral edema, acute, in spin-spin relaxation of brain tissue in SLE, 810
Cerebrovascular accidents, cognitive deficits in rheumatic diseases and, 1363
Cerebrovascular disease, mortality in SLE and, 1492
c-Fos protein, EDA-containing fibronectin in RA synovium and, 678
Chemotherapeutic agents, immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy and, 1722
Chest, cultaneous LE of, from ultraviolet photocopier emissions, 1152
Childhood sexual abuse, fibromyalgia and, 161, 229, 235
Children, number of, low back pain and, 1232
Chills in RA
CAMPATH-1H and, 1187
chimeric monoclonal anti-CD antibody, cM-T412 and, 1581
DAB486IL-2 and, 1177
Chimera, Lyme borreliosis and, 565
Chimeric anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody, in RA, 1457, 1581
Chinese herbal medications, complications of, 614
Chlamydia DNA, chromosome, in reactive arthritis SF, 1005
Chlamydia trachomatis
autoimmune disease induction by microbial pathogens and, 458
in pathogenesis of spondylarthropathies, 1547
in synovial membranes, 1410
Chloroquine, prednisone in RA in elderly and, 334
Chondrocytes
articular, 960, 1304, 1529
cytokines, early response genes and, 877
IL-1 in experimental arthritis in mice and, 164
matrix metalloproteinase synthesis and, 1304
in OA, 413, 420, 525, 660
phenotypes, 525
proteoglycans and, 525, 660
in RA, 660
Chondrodysplasias, COL2A1 gene mutations in, 999
Chondroitin sulfate epitope
in knee joint fluid after trauma, 953
3B3, scintigraphic abnormalities, bone turnover and, in OA, 78
Chondroitin-4-sulfate, chondroitin-6-sulfate,
proteoglycans and, in articular cartilage in OA and RA, 660
Chondroprotective drugs, synovitis, protein clearance and, in canine knee, 1085
Chromatography
high performance liquid, 517, 669, 699, 1040
immunoaffinity, to study Mi-2 autoantigen in DM, 123
51Chromium, nitric oxide and lipoxin A4 in polymorphonuclear cell vascular cytotoxicity and, 768
Chromosomes
Chlamydia DNA, reactive arthritis SF and, 1005
1, in scleroderma in Tsk2 mouse, 1791
6, polyglot, polymorphism and, 1715
12, Mi-2 autoantigen in DM and, 1389
Chronic arthritis
autoimmune disease induction by microbial pathogens and, 458
Chlamydia trachomatis in synovial membranes and, 1410
Lyme, 361, 458
somatostatin in experimental arthritis and, 1687
Chronic CPPD synovitis, in rabbit OA, 201
Chronic disability, in social and psychological impact of musculoskeletal conditions, 1351
Chronic disease, unproven Chinese medications in, 614
Chronic fatigue syndrome
cognitive deficits in rheumatic diseases and, 1363
parvovirus B19 infection and, 638
Chronic infection
autoimmune disease induction by microbial pathogens and, 458
hepatitis B, autoimmunity and, 301
Chronic inflammation
cytokines, early response genes and, 877
in RA, 577, 750
Chronic inflammatory diseases
autoimmune disease induction by microbial pathogens and, 458
cytokines, early response genes and, 877
Chronic iridocyclitis, IL-1α polymorphism in JRA and, 221
Chronic liver disease, α1-antitrypsin, end-stage liver disease, MTX and, 1014
Chronic Lyme arthritis
autoimmune disease induction by microbial pathogens and, 458
in European children and adolescents, 361
Chronic monarthritis, hydatid disease in, 1338
Chronic osteomyelitis
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal effects of NSAID in, 723
IL-1 receptor antagonist in RA and, 642
Chronic RA, steroids, hormone replacement and, in postmenopausal
bone metabolism in, 902
Chronic relapsing-remitting disorder, cognitive deficits in rheumatic diseases and, 1363
Chronic rheumatic diseases, measuring relevant change in clinical trials in, 1027
Chrysotherapy, HLA-DRB1*0404 allele and, in gold-induced enterocolitis, 755
Churg-Strauss syndrome
corticosteroids, pulse cyclophosphamide and plasma exchange in, 1638
sural nerve biopsy in, 1733
Cimetidine, NSAID, gastrointestinal tract and, 5
Circulating antibodies, enteroviral RNA, bacterial DNA and, in juvenile DM, 1513
Circulating collagenase, in RA, 1031
Circulating Fcγ receptors, soluble, IgG receptors in autoimmune disease and, 306
Circulating primed neutrophils, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody pulmonary capillaritis with, 1855
Circulating T cells in RA
CAMPATH-1H and, 254
T cell receptors and, 1242
Circulation
antigen-based heteropolymers and, 190
carbohydrates in RA immune complexes and, 744
IL-1 receptor antagonist in SLE and, 1055
Cirrhosis, MTX, 326, 1014, 1115
Classic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, in SLE, 633
Classic RA
every-other-week MTX in, 601
joint space measurement in hand radiographs using computerized image analysis in, 891
student's perspective on, 315
Cleavage procedures, Yersinia enterocolitica binding of adhesin YadA to collagen and, 1283
Cleft palate in offspring, immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy and, 1722
Clenched fist syndrome, 57
Clinical Efficacy Assessment Project, practice guidelines and, 1533
Clinical Images
DISH, 296, 1345
ear ulceration in discoid LE, 1712
finger autoamputation secondary to untreated gouty arthritis, 1241
iron salute: a sign of hemochromatosis, 558
tracheal stenosis secondary to DISH, 296
Clinical trials
in RA, 1568, 1799
in rheumatology, measuring relevant change in, 1027
in SSc, guidelines for, 351
Clinicopathologic conference
atrial myxoma and cutaneous PAN associated with Crohn's disease, 1161
loosening of revision total hip replacement in RA, 1315
Clodronate-containing liposomes, macrophages and, in rat adjuvant arthritis, 1777
Clomiphene, rheumatic symptoms and, 1344
Clonal expansion, T cell receptors in RA and, 577
Clonal proliferation, T cell receptors in RA and, 1242
Cloning
anti-apolipoprotein A1 in SLE and, 1655
cross-reactivity of anticardiolipin autoantibodies with oxidized low-density lipoprotein and, 1382
cytokines and, 877, 946
DNA, 389, 1400
Klebsiella pneumoniae-reactive T cells in blood in AS and, 1277
T cell epitope mapping of U1-A RNP and, 1170
Clonotypes, T cell receptors in RA and, 1242
cM-T412 in RA
anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody and, 1457, 1581
CD4 monoclonal antibody and, 1097
Codeine, guidelines for medical management of OA and, 1535
Cogan's syndrome, MTX and steroids in, 1348
Cognitive deficit, in rheumatic diseases, 1363
COL2A1 gene mutations, in chrondrodysplasia and familial OA, 999
Cold, in Raynaud's phenomenon and scleroderma, 1
Colitis, HLA-DRB1*0404 allele and, in gold-induced enterocolitis, 755
Collagen
anti-type IV antibodies, granzyme A, perforin mRNA and, in RA synovium, 477
antigen-induced arthritis and, 1092
arthritis, IL-1, TNFα and, in RA, 151
degradation, 517
fibrillar, 517
matrix, stromelysin degradation of cartilage and, 173
in OA, 420
in SSc, 517, 1791
type I, 1283, 1791
type II, 173, 420, 1092, 1283
type IX, in stromelysin degradation of cartilage, 173
Yersinia enterocolitica binding of adhesin YadA to, 1283
Collagen-like structures, Yersinia enterocolitica binding of adhesin YadA to collagen and, 1283
Collagenase
in OA, 976, 1290
protein, Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide, IL-1 and, in chondrocyte metalloproteinase synthesis, 1304
in RA, 976, 1031
Yersinia enterocolitica binding of adhesin YadA to collagen and, 1283
Colon
biopsy, HLA-DRB1*0404 allele and, in gold-induced enterocolitis and, 755
NSAID, gastrointestinal tract and, 5
Coma, spin-spin relaxation of brain tissue in SLE and, 810
Common variable immunodeficiency, Ureaplasma urealyticum destructive septic polyarthritis and, 1524
Community-based rheumatology, future of, 451
Comorbidity
risk factors for septic arthritis in joint disease and, 1819
walking velocity in elderly and, 343
Compartment-directed knee examination, cartilage abnormalities and, 917
Complement
activation, by intravenous immunoglobulins, 146
deficiency, in glomerulonephritis, 1333
fixation, enteroviral RNA, bacterial DNA and, in juvenile DM, 1513
genes, polyglot, polymorphism and, 1715
immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy and, 1722
mannose-binding protein gene polymorphism in SLE and, 110
receptors, antigen-based heteropolymers and, 190
Complement C1-esterase inhibitor (C1INH), in RA, 492
Complement C1q, in RA, 492
Complement C1r/C1s, in RA, 492
Complement C4
deficiency, in glomerulonephritis, 1333
in peripheral neuropathy with necrotizing vasculitis in RA, 1618
Complement CR1, antigen-based heteropolymers and, 190
Complementary DNA
cloning, in detection of stromelysin-cleaved rabbit aggrecan, 1400
cytokines, early response genes and, 877
Mi-2 autoantigen in DM and, 1389
mouse, anti-apolipoprotein A1 in SLE and, 1655
Complete rotator cuff tear, 288
Compression fractures, vertebral, functional disability in PM/DM and, 1218
Computed tomography
cerebral blood flow, pain and, in fibromyalgia, 926
histologic findings in sacroiliitis in AS and, 499
joint and connective tissue ultrasonography and, 736
in localized synovial hemangioma, 559
in spinal involvement in gout, 139
Computerized image analysis, in joint space measurement in hand radiographs, 891
Computers in medicine
joint and connective tissue ultrasonography and, 736
T cell receptor β chain genes in RA susceptibility and, 91
Concentration, cognitive deficits in rheumatic diseases and, 1363
Condyles, tenidap and, in experimental canine OA, 1290
Conformational polymorphism analysis, single-stranded, to study T cell receptor Vβ gene in murine Sjogren's syndrome, 1077
Confusion, cognitive deficits in rheumatic diseases and, 1363
Congenital abnormalities, immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy and, 1722
Connective tissue, ultrasonography of, 736
Connective tissue disease
anti-U1 RNA antibodies in, 1832
guidelines for clinical trials in SSc and, 351
immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy and, 1722
mixed, 259, 777
sexual abuse in fibromyalgia and, 161, 229, 235
Contaminated drinking water, in geographic clusters of SLE, 1564
Continuing medical education, in rheumatic diseases for primary care physicians, 533
Contrast-enhanced MRI, in RA, 819
Conversion disorders, clenched fist syndrome, 57
Coomassie stain, to study autoimmune response to the spliceosome, 777
Coping
cognitive deficits in rheumatic diseases and, 1363
in stress management and clinical outcome in RA, 1807
Core protein, articular cartilage and, 660, 1678
Corn oil, fish oil, NSAID and, in RA, 1107
Coronary heart disease, cardiovascular fitness in end-stage OA and, 799
Cortical matter, cognitive deficits in rheumatic diseases and, 1363
Corticosteroid drugs
in anemia in giant cell arteritis, 434
cognitive deficits in rheumatic diseases and, 1363
functional disability in PM/DM and, 1218
hormone replacement and, in postmenopausal RA bone metabolism, 902
immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy and, 1722
intraarticular injections of, in guidelines for medical management of OA, 1535, 1541
MTX and, in Cogan's syndrome, 1348
NSAID, gastrointestinal tract and, 5
in polyarteritis nodosa and Churg-Strauss syndrome, 1638
in SLE, 506, 1826
Cost
ACR recommendations for liver biopsy after MTX in RA and, 1115
of drugs in RA, 318, 1862
evaluative laboratory testing and, 1555
of parenteral MTX, 575
of rheumatology education, 451
in social and psychological impact of musculoskeletal conditions, 1351
Cost effectiveness
guidelines for medical management of OA and, 1535
MTX in RA and, 326, 1115
Counterimmunoelectrophoresis, to study HRES-1, in SLE and overlap syndromes, 1660
Coxsackievirus
B, enteroviral RNA, bacterial DNA and, in juvenile DM, 1513
infection, autoimmunity and, 301
51Cr-labeled Daudi target cells, cytolytic activity of polyclonal T cells in SLE and, 506
Cranial arteritis, anemia in, 434
C-reactive protein
cytokines in JRA and, 211, 1531
in RA, 29, 601, 969, 795, 1031, 1204, 1447
Creatinine, in elastin and collagen degradation in SSc, 517
Crepitus, directed knee examination, cartilage abnormalities and, 917
CREST syndrome, diltiazem in calcinosis and, 1640
Crohn's disease
carbohydrates in RA immune complexes and, 746
cutaneous PAN associated with, in atrial myxoma, 1161
Cross-cultural differences, Spanish outcome measures and, 1429
CrossLaps, steroids, hormone replacement and, in postmenopausal RA bone metabolism, 902
Cross-linking
antigen-based heteropolymers and, 190
elastin and collagen degradation in SSc, 517
Cross-reactivity
of anticardiolipin autoantibodies with oxidized low-density lipoprotein, 1382
autoimmune disease induction by microbial pathogens and, 458
autoimmune response to the spliceosome and, 777
HRES-1 antibodies and, in SLE and overlap syndromes, 1660
Klebsiella pneumoniae-reactive T cells in blood in AS and, 1277
in pathogenesis of spondylarthropathies, 1547
Cruciate ligament
anterior, in experimental OA, 420, 525, 1290
glycosaminoglycan epitopes in, in joint fluid after trauma, 953
Cryoglobulinemia, mixed, as a preneoplastic disease, 1859
Cryptic epitopes
autoimmune disease induction by microbial pathogens and, 458
in pathogenesis of spondylarthropathies, 1547
Cryptogenic cirrhosis, α1-antitrypsin, end-stage liver disease, MTX and, 1014
Crystals
calcium pyrophosphate synovitis in rabbit OA and, 201
CPPD, knee and, 284, 1085
Cutaneous fibrosis, in scleroderma in Tsk2 mouse, 1791
Cutaneous LE, from photocopier ultraviolet emissions, 1152
Cutaneous lupus, refractory, cytarabine in, 1341
Cutaneous PAN with Crohn's disease, in atrial myxoma, 1161
Cutaneous SSc
autoantibodies to pyruvate dehydrogenase in, 965
diffuse, 1060
eosinophil major basic protein in SSc and, 939
guidelines for clinical trials in, 351
lipoprotein oxidation and, 1060
Cutaneous vasculitis, in peripheral neuropathy with necrotizing vasculitis in RA, 1618
Cyanogen bromide, Yersinia enterocolitica binding of adhesin YadA to collagen and, 1283
Cyclooxygenase, enzyme, NSAID, gastrointestinal tract and, 5
Cyclophosphamide
immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy and, 1722
malignancy in RA and, 1120
MTX, prednisone and, in Wegener's granulomatosis, 608
pulse, in polyarteritis nodosa and Churg-Strauss syndrome, 1638
in SSc-associated pulmonary dysfunction, 147
Cyclosporine
in acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy in JRA, 446
immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy and, 1722
in RA, 867, 1568
Cys, HLA-B39 and, in AS and JRA, 1672
Cysts
Baker's, ultrasonography of, 736
bone density, hip OA and, 907
synovial, in ultrasonography of finger tendons in RA, 786
Cytochrome c, mouse, autoimmune disease induction by microbial pathogens and, 458
Cytofluorographic analysis, to study hematology of Felty's syndrome and large granular lymphocytes, 1252
Cytofluorometry flow, to study cytokines in JRA, 211, 1531
Cytokines
histologic findings in sacroiliitis in AS and, 499
IgG receptors in autoimmune disease and, 306
IL-1 in experimental arthritis in mice, 164
IL-1α, 221
IL-4, 1046
IL-6, 1046
IL-10, 96, 946, 1046, 1771
in JRA, 211, 221, 1531
in pathogenesis of spondylarthropathies, 1547
in RA, 29, 96, 151, 601, 642, 1046, 1107, 1457, 1762, 1771
serum, 211, 601, 1531
TGFβ1 in hyaluronan synthesis in synovial lining cells, 669
Cytolysis, nitric oxide and lipoxin A4 in polymorphonuclear cell vascular cytotoxicity and, 768
Cytolytic activity, of polyclonal T cells in SLE, 506
Cytomegalovirus
enteroviral RNA, bacterial DNA and, in juvenile DM, 1513
after MTX in RA, 291, 1528, 1861
Cytoplasm, in pathogenesis of spondylarthropathies, 1547
Cytoplasmic antibodies, antineutrophil, 306, 633, 1375, 1555, 1855
Cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, evaluative laboratory testing and, 1555
Cytoplasmic tails, IgG receptors in autoimmune disease and, 306
Cytotoxic drugs, cytolytic activity of polyclonal T cells in SLE and, 506
Cytotoxicity
lymphocyte-mediated, granzyme A, perforin mRNA and, in RA synovium, 477
micro-, anti-U1 RNA antibodies in connective tissue disease and, 1837
vascular, nitric oxide and lipoxin A4 in polymorphonuclear neutrophils and, 768