Bibliography of Criteria, Guidelines, and Health Status Assessments Used in Rheumatology

This resource is continually developed as additional references, links, and downloadable files become available for inclusion.

Note that the American College of Rheumatology is not the originator of many of these disease activity measures, indices, questionnaires, and criteria. Inclusion of a reference in this bibliography should not be construed as an endorsement by the ACR, except as indicated otherwise. This bibliography is not intended to be exhaustive; however, new references will be added from time to time.

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  • Acronyms for the Rheumatology Literature:
    Bombardieri S, Caponi L, Arend W. A unified list of acronyms for the rheumatology literature. Arthritis Rheum 1998;41:1901-5.
  • Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II Instrument:
    Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE. APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985;13:818–29.
  • Adult Still's Disease (ASD) Criteria:
    Yamaguchi M, Ohta A, Tsunematsu T, Kasukawa R, Mizushima Y, Kashiwagi H, et al. Preliminary criteria for classification of adult Still's disease. J Rheumatol 1992;19:424-30.
  • American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Unstable Angina/Non–ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction [Citation format given as requested by the ACC/AHA]:
    • 2000 ACC/AHA Guidelines:
      Braunwald E, Antman EM, Beasley JW, Califf RM, Cheitlin MD, Hochman JS, et al.  ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina and non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: executive summary and recommendations: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Management of Patients With Unstable Angina) [published errata appear in Circulation 2000;102:1739 and in Circulation 2001;104:122]. Circulation 2000;102:1193–209.
    • 2007 Update:
      Anderson JL, Adams CD, Antman EM, Bridges CR, Califf RM, Casey DE Jr, et al.  ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non–ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) [published erratum appears in Circulation 2008;117:e180]. Circulation 2007;116:e148–304.
  • American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) Guideline Update for Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery [Citation format given as requested by the ACC/AHA]:
    Eagle KA, Berger PB, Calkins H, Chaitman BR, Ewy GA, Fleischmann KE, et al. ACC/AHA guideline update for perioperative cardiovascular evaluation for noncardiac surgery: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Update the 1996 Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery). Circulation 2002;105:1257–67
  • American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Classification/Response Criteria, Treatment Guidelines, and Quality Measures (see under specific diseases/conditions)
  • American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2008 Recommendations for the Use of Selective and Nonselective Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs):
    American College of Rheumatology Ad Hoc Group on Use of Selective and Nonselective Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. Recommendations for use of selective and nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: an American College of Rheumatology white paper. Arthritis Rheum 2008;59:1058–73.
  • Andreoli and Carpenter's Cecil Essentials of Medicine (previously known as Cecil Essentials of Medicine):
    Andreoli TE, Benjamin IJ, Griggs RC, Wing EJ, editors. Andreoli and Carpenter's Cecil essentials of medicine. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2010.
  • Ankle Images Digital Analysis (AIDA):
    Marijnissen AC, Vincken KL, Viergever MA, van Roy HL, van Roermund PM, Lafeber FP, et al. Ankle images digital analysis (AIDA): digital measurement of joint space width and subchondral sclerosis on standard radiographs. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2001;9:264–72.
  • Ankle Osteoarthritis (OA) Scale:
    Domsic RT, Saltzman CL. Ankle osteoarthritis scale. Foot Ankle Int 1998;19:466–71.
  • Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS):
    • Criteria for AS:
      • Comparison of AS Criteria:
        Goei The HS, Steven MM, van der Linden SM, Cats A. Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis: a comparison of the Rome, New York and modified New York criteria in patients with a positive clinical history screening test for ankylosing spondylitis. Br J Rheumatol 1985;24:242-9.
      • New York Criteria for AS:
        Moll JM, Wright V. New York clinical criteria for ankylosing spondylitis: a statistical evaluation. Ann Rheum Dis 1973;32:354–63.
        or
        Bennett PH, Wood PH. Population studies in the rheumatic diseases. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica; 1968. p. 456.
      • Modified New York Criteria for AS:
        Van der Linden S, Valkenburg HA, Cats A. Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis: a proposal for modification of the New York criteria. Arthritis Rheum 1984;27:361-8.
    • ASAS/OMERACT MRI Group Criteria for Defining Sacroiliitis by MRI [Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS)/Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Group]:
      Rudwaleit M, Jurik AG, Hermann KG, Landewe R, van der Heijde D, Baraliakos X, et al. Defining active sacroiliitis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for classification of axial spondyloarthritis: a consensual approach by the ASAS/OMERACT MRI group. Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:1520–7.
    • SPARCC MRI Index for SI Joint Inflammation in AS [Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) MRI index for sacroiliac (SI) joint inflammation in AS]:
      Maksymowych WP, Inman RD, Salonen D, Dhillon SS, Williams M, Stone M, et al. Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada Magnetic Resonance Imaging Index for assessment of sacroiliac joint inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum 2005;53:703–9.
    • Indices and Assessments in AS:
      • Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) Questionnaire:
        Doward LC, Spoorenberg A, Cook SA, Whalley D, Helliwell PS, Kay LJ, et al. Development of the ASQoL: a quality of life instrument specific to ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 2003;62:20–6.
      • Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI):
        Garrett S, Jenkinson T, Kennedy LG, Whitelock H, Gaisford P, Calin A. A new approach to defining disease status in ankylosing spondylitis: the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index. J Rheumatol 1994;21:2286–91.
      • Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI):
        Calin A, Garrett S, Whitelock H, Kennedy LG, O’Hea J, Mallorie P, et al. A new approach to defining functional ability in ankylosing spondylitis: the development of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index. J Rheumatol 1994;21:2281–5.
      • Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI):
        Jenkinson TR, Mallorie PA, Whitelock HC, Kennedy LG, Garrett SL, Calin A. Defining spinal mobility in ankylosing spondylitis (AS): the Bath AS Metrology Index. J Rheumatol 1994;21:1694–8.
      • Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index (BASRI):
        MacKay K, Mack C, Brophy S, Calin A. The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index (BASRI): a new, validated approach to disease assessment. Arthritis Rheum 1998;41:2263-70.
      • Preliminary Core Sets for End Points in AS:
        Van der Heijde D, Bellamy N, Calin A, Dougados M, Khan MA, van der Linden S. Preliminary core sets for end points in ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheumatol 1997;24:2225–9.
      • Preliminary Definition of Short-Term Improvement in AS:
        Anderson JJ, Baron G, van der Heijde D, Felson DT, Dougados M. Ankylosing Spondylitis Assessment Group preliminary definition of short-term improvement in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum 2001;44:1876–86.
      • Spondylitis Functional Index (SFI):
        Dougados M, Gueguen A, Nakache JP, Nguyen M, Mery C, Amor B. Evaluation of a functional index and an articular index in ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheumatol 1988;15:302-7.
      • Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (SASSS):
        Dawes PT. Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score. J Rheumatol 1999;26:993-6.
        and/or
        Averns HL, Oxtoby J, Taylor HG, Jones PW, Dziedzic K, Dawes PT. Radiological outcome in ankylosing spondylitis: use of the Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (SASSS). Br J Rheumatol 1996;35:373-6.
  • Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) Criteria:
    • Definite APS (also called the Sapporo criteria for definite APS):
      Wilson WA, Gharavi AE, Koike T, Lockshin MD, Branch DW, Piette JC, et al. International consensus statement on preliminary classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome: report of an international workshop. Arthritis Rheum 1999;42:1309–11.
    • Validation of the Sapporo Criteria for APS:
      Lockshin MD, Sammaritano L, Schwartzman S. Validation of the Sapporo criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2000;43:440–3.
    • Update of the Sapporo Criteria for APS:
      Miyakis S, Lockshin MD, Atsumi T, Branch DW, Brey RL, Cervera R, et al. International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). J Thromb Haemost 2006;4:295–306.
    • Primary APS:
      Asherson RA, Khamashta MA, Ordi-Ros J, Derksen RH, Machin SJ, Barquinero J, et al. The “primary” antiphospholipid syndrome: major clinical and serological features. Medicine (Baltimore) 1989;68:366–74.
    • Catastrophic APS:
      Asherson RA, Cervera R, Piette JC, Font J, Lie JT, Burcoglu A, et al. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: clinical and laboratory features of 50 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 1998;77:195–207.
      or
      Asherson RA, Cervera R, de Groot PG, Erkan D, Boffa MC, Piette JC, et al. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: international consensus statement on classification criteria and treatment guidelines. Lupus 2003;12:530–4.
  • Arthritis and Allied Conditions:
    Koopman WJ, editor. Arthritis and allied conditions: a textbook of rheumatology. 15th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004.
  • Arthritis & Rheumatism Journal Policies on Authorship and Disclosures:
    Katz PP, Yelin EH, Lockshin MD. Journal policies on authorship and disclosures [editorial]. Arthritis Rheum 2006;54:1711–3.
  • Arthritis Helplessness Index (AHI):
    Nicassio PM, Wallston KA, Callahan LF, Herbert M, Pincus T. The measurement of helplessness in rheumatoid arthritis: the development of the Arthritis Helplessness Index. J Rheumatol 1985;12:462-7.
  • Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS):
    • AIMS:
      Meenan RF, Gertman PM, Mason JH, Dunaif R. The Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales: further investigations of a health status measure. Arthritis Rheum 1982;25:1048-53.
    • AIMS2:
      Meenan RF, Mason JH, Anderson JJ, Guccione AA, Kazis LE. AIMS2: the content and properties of a revised and expanded Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales health status questionnaire. Arthritis Rheum 1992;35:1-10.
    • Dutch Modification of the AIMS (D-AIMS):
      Taal E, Jacobs JW, Seydel ER, Wiegman O, Rasker JJ. Evaluation of the Dutch Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (DUTCH-AIMS) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol 1989;28:487-91.
  • Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES):
    • ASES:
      Lorig K, Chastain RL, Ung E, Shoor S, Holman HR. Development and evaluation of a scale to measure perceived self-efficacy in people with arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1989;32:37-44.
    • Swedish Version of the ASES:
      Lomi C, Nordholm LA. Validation of a Swedish version of the Arthritis Self-efficacy Scale. Scand J Rheumatol 1992;21:231-7.

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